- Department of Communication
University of Jyväskylä
40014 UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ
Finland
The current and incoming editors in chief present the articles of this current issue of Human Technology. Additionally, they discuss the human component of recent technological macrotrends and the journal’s editorial interests in... more
The current and incoming editors in chief present the articles of this current issue of Human Technology. Additionally, they discuss the human component of recent technological macrotrends and the journal’s editorial interests in responding to and exploring them. During Editor in Chief Pertti Hurme’s 3-year term, research reflecting a wide range of topics has been published in Human Technology. This online journal, proudly open-access since its beginning, and will continue to invite innovative and interesting manuscripts for open-access publishing under its new editor in chief, Jukka Jouhki.
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Human Technology will move to a new physical location in January 2017—the Open Science Center of the University of Jyväskylä, due to university restructuring—yet the University remains the ultimate publisher. For Human Technology, change... more
Human Technology will move to a new physical location in January 2017—the Open Science Center of the University of Jyväskylä, due to university restructuring—yet the University remains the ultimate publisher. For Human Technology, change is inherent; indeed this is reflected in the research published in each issue. The present issue comprises five articles that demonstrate the ongoing integration of technology in most aspects of human living.
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Public relations (PR) professionals and journalists act as builders of societies’ communica- tion atmospheres, and their inter-relationships are of importance. The aim of the present study is to describe and compare PR professionals’ and... more
Public relations (PR) professionals and journalists act as builders of societies’ communica- tion atmospheres, and their inter-relationships are of importance. The aim of the present study is to describe and compare PR professionals’ and journalists’ professional self-images and perceptions of the other group’s profession in Finland. The study is part of the ProfCom project and makes use of the project’s Finnish quantitative questionnaire data. The results indicate clear perception differences. PR professionals identify themselves with bond- and trust-building objectives, whereas journalists perceive marketing and financial goals as the main objectives of PR professionals. Journalists identify themselves with information sharing, criticism and service roles, whereas PR professionals perceive opinion sharing, advising and informing about scandals as the main objectives of journalists. In addition, the study indicates a need for further research on the underlying reasons for conflicting perceptions and the effects of the developing Internet communication arena on relation- ships between professionals.
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The paper reports findings of a study in which Russian speakers without any prior knowledge of Finnish imitated utterances in that language, and, in particular, how they succeeded in imitating segmental duration. The data was analysed... more
The paper reports findings of a study in which Russian speakers without any prior knowledge of Finnish imitated utterances in that language, and, in particular, how they succeeded in imitating segmental duration. The data was analysed using acoustic measurements of segment duration as well as auditory analysis by four judges. The results show that Russian speakers faced difficulties in imitating some aspects of the complicated Finnish quantity system. On the other hand, many of the imitated words were judged as comprehensible.
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This study focuses on teamwork in Finnish working life. Through a wide cross-section of teams the study examines the causes to which team members attribute the outcomes of their teams. Qualitative data was collected from 314 respondents.... more
This study focuses on teamwork in Finnish working life. Through a wide cross-section of teams the study examines the causes to which team members attribute the outcomes of their teams. Qualitative data was collected from 314 respondents. They wrote 616 stories to describe memorable experiences of success and failure in teamwork. The stories revealed 1930 explanations.
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The paper examines organizations and users in Second Life (SL), which is a popular Multi-User Virtual Environment or Virtual World Platform. The presence of two types of organizations, Fortune 200 companies and univer- sities, was... more
The paper examines organizations and users in Second Life (SL), which is a popular Multi-User Virtual Environment or Virtual World Platform. The presence of two types of organizations, Fortune 200 companies and univer- sities, was examined. Relatively few of them are represented in SL. Some- times only a sub-unit or a showcase of the organization is present in SL. There are also fake presences. However, novel possibilities are offered for organizations in the virtual environment: they can for instance build a meet- ing place for their clients and stakeholders to engage them in dialogue for creating better products or services. On the other hand, there are also nega- tive aspects in SL. Even though there are supposed to be something like 12 million users, the number of active users is much lower. In fact, the user is often alone in SL. As the SL world, consisting of a large number of islands, bears no resemblance to the real world, the user easily gets lost and has to use search features to get oriented in SL. People in SL are represented by avatars that they themselves create. Avatars make it possible to play with identities, which can be liberating. On the other hand, when avatars are in- teracting with each other, their real identities are clouded. The success of social networking sites such as IRC-Galleria and Facebook suggests that people want to interact with people that they know. Organizations surely will take heed.
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This study investigates pitch control, register, and singing mode related movements of the laryngo-pharyngeal structures by radiographic methods. One trained female singer served as the subject. The results show that singing voice... more
This study investigates pitch control, register, and singing mode related movements of the laryngo-pharyngeal structures by radiographic methods. One trained female singer served as the subject. The results show that singing voice production involves complex movements in the laryngeal structures. Pitch related increase in the thyro-arytenoid distance (vocal fold length) is nonlinear, slowing down as pitch rises. Similar observations have been made earlier. At the highest pitches, a shortening of the distance can be seen, suggesting the use of alternative pitch control mechanisms. The various observations made support the existence of three registers in this trained female singing voice. Open and covered modes of singing seemed to be distinguishable on the basis of different amounts of inner and outer forces acting on the larynx. Therefore, caution must be exercised when generalizing from the results.
Research Interests: Phonetics, Phonation, Voice, Humans, Female, and 4 moreVoice Quality, Clinical Sciences, Adult, and Hyoid bone
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This paper examines the length-changes of the vocal folds as a function of voice pitch. Changes in normalized vocal fold elongation (strain) were measured indirectly from calcification points in several laryngeal structures from... more
This paper examines the length-changes of the vocal folds as a function of voice pitch. Changes in normalized vocal fold elongation (strain) were measured indirectly from calcification points in several laryngeal structures from roentgenological exposures during singing. Changes in vocal fold strain are shown to occur mainly in the register transition area, ie the area within which all register changes take place. Changes in vocal fold strain appeared similar in male and female subjects. Evidence for different strain patterns in ...
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The relationship between vocal fold strain and vocal pitch in singersand nonsingers singing a rising pitch series has been indirectly investigated by means of lateral radiographs. Nonsingers tend to exhibit more strain than singers. To... more
The relationship between vocal fold strain and vocal pitch in singersand nonsingers singing a rising pitch series has been indirectly investigated by means of lateral radiographs. Nonsingers tend to exhibit more strain than singers. To standardize the degree of strain, an index of ...
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ABSTRACT Teachers of singing recommend a comfortably low position of the larynx in singing. Some studies have corroborated a low vertical larynx position (VLP) in singers, whereas others have observed that the larynx rises with pitch. In... more
ABSTRACT Teachers of singing recommend a comfortably low position of the larynx in singing. Some studies have corroborated a low vertical larynx position (VLP) in singers, whereas others have observed that the larynx rises with pitch. In this study, VLP was measured from roentgenograms of singers producing a rising pitch series.
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Research indicates significant contribution of extrinsic laryngeal mechanisms to voice production. This article reviews the major theories of the role of the external laryngeal factors in voice production and relevant experimental data.... more
Research indicates significant contribution of extrinsic laryngeal mechanisms to voice production. This article reviews the major theories of the role of the external laryngeal factors in voice production and relevant experimental data. The review suggests that partly neglected external factors and possibly even misinterpretation of some of the recently documented individual variation in physiological data may have unnecessarily complicated the issues pertaining to the interplay between the physiological mechanisms of the larynx. The implications of contemporary findings and documentation in the modeling of the extrinsic factors are discussed and a synthesis of empirical data into two simple models of the extrinsic forces of pitch control is presented. Also suggested by the review, a basic principle, probably underlying the laryngeal control of phonation, is put forward.
Research Interests: Phonation, Speech, Dogs, Voice, Humans, and 6 moreFundamental Frequency, Female, Animals, Male, Clinical Sciences, and Muscle Activity
This study searched for perceptual, acoustic, and physiological correlates of support in singing. Seven trained professional singers (four women and three men) sang repetitions of the syllable [pa:] at varying pitch and sound levels (1)... more
This study searched for perceptual, acoustic, and physiological correlates of support in singing. Seven trained professional singers (four women and three men) sang repetitions of the syllable [pa:] at varying pitch and sound levels (1) habitually (with support) and (2) simulating singing without support. Estimate of subglottic pressure was obtained from oral pressure during [p]. Vocal fold vibration was registered with dual-channel electroglottography. Acoustic analyses were made on the recorded samples. All samples were also evaluated by the singers and other listeners, who were trained singers, singing students, and voice specialists without singing education (a total of 63 listeners). We rated both the overall voice quality and the amount of support. According to the results, it seemed impossible to observe any auditory differences between supported singing and good singing voice quality. The acoustic and physiological correlates of good voice quality in absolute values seem to be gender and task dependent, whereas the relative optimum seems to be reached at intermediate parameter values.
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This article reviews problems associated with establishment of a scientifically accurate, internationally recognized, multilingual terminology to describe voice. Two strategies for developing terminology are discussed: consensus and... more
This article reviews problems associated with establishment of a scientifically accurate, internationally recognized, multilingual terminology to describe voice. Two strategies for developing terminology are discussed: consensus and dictation. Ontological decisions are considered an integral ...
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1. Otolaryngol Pol. 1988;42(3):193-200. [Computer-assisted examination of the vocal field during speech in physiological and various pathological conditions]. [Article in Polish]. Pruszewicz A, Sonninen A, Taivonen R, Hurme P. PMID:... more
1. Otolaryngol Pol. 1988;42(3):193-200. [Computer-assisted examination of the vocal field during speech in physiological and various pathological conditions]. [Article in Polish]. Pruszewicz A, Sonninen A, Taivonen R, Hurme P. PMID: 3226734 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]. Publication Types: Case Reports; Comparative Study; English Abstract. MeSH Terms. Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms/complications; Laryngeal Neoplasms ...
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